T |
YPICAL OF
TRANSIT SYSTEMS in the postwar years, Pacific Electric’s operating costs rose
faster than its revenue in
spite of frequent fare increases.
Economies gained by the modernization program of 1950-1951 and tax
savings achieved by selling rights-of-way were not enough to offset a decrease
in passenger volume as the freeways grew and employment decentralized. Even though continuing emphasis on freight
traffic had increased revenue from that source, PE ‘s financial problems were
still not solved.
Considering the
Southern Pacific’s historic attitude, one evident answer was to find a buyer
for PE’s passenger service. On March 3,
1 1953, PE announced an agreement to sell its passenger operations, both rail
and bus, to Jesse Haugh. A former
Pacific City Lines executive, Haugh
had formed Western Transit Systems as a holding company in 1947 and
subsequently acquired the San Diego Transit System as well.
Metropolitan
Coach Lines was incorporated in California on May 18, 1953; Haugh capitalized
it at $8.5 million, $7.2 million of which was to cover the purchase price of
the Pacific Electric assets and the remainder was for organizational expenses
and working capital. The sale was
completed on October 1, 1953, with PE’s entire passenger operating rights and
all facilities and property related to the bus lines being turned over to
Metro. These included the Pasadena,
Ocean Park and West Hollywood garages, Macy Street shops, servicing and storage
locations at Van Nuys, Sunland, Long Beach (Morgan Avenue) and Echo Park
Avenue, stations at Pomona, Riverside and Whittier, and 695 buses.
The situation of
the rail lines was somewhat more unusual.
As part of the sale agreement, Pacific Electric provided Metro with
rent-free use of facilities (cars, tracks. overhead and stations) for a period
of two years, with an option to rent the property on a month-to-month basis
beyond that time. Included in this
category were the Main Street Station and offices, the Los Angeles Street Motor
Coach Terminal, the Subway Terminal and the stations at San Bernardino and Long
Beach as well as all other passenger facilities throughout the system.
The eventuality
of ever having to exercise the rental option seemed remote when Haugh stated
his intention to abandon all rail service within six months or request
substantial fare increases. At that
time only the Hollywood Blvd. and Glendale—Burbank rail lines remained in the Western
District and the Watts, Bellflower, San Pedro and Long Beach lines in the
Southern District. Haugh promptly
applied to abandon them all.
New Metro Buses
During hearings
on the acquisition, Haugh testified that Metro planned to buy 100 new buses a
year to replace the interurban cars and PE Whites. Plans were also disclosed at that time to modify existing
installations and construct new servicing and storage bases so that system
operation could be reorganized on a regional basis. As a follow-up to purchase of the initial 35 by PE, the TDH-4801
became Metro’s standard, with 100 placed on order as promised soon after the
takeover. Key System had ordered 30
similar buses in the meantime, but because of a lengthy strike they had not
been shipped, and these were sold to Metro in December 1953.
The buses
arrived in Key System paint inside and out and wore Key numbers 2100-2129. They had never reached Oakland and were
shipped from GM with their Metro-peculiar features not completely installed. The delivery paperwork noted that extra
markers, stanchions and adapters, new two-piece roll signs and platforms for
the seats ahead of the wheel housings should be added and that the heating
system should be changed. The work not
completed at the factory was performed at Torrance. As if to explain the reason for the existence of the TDH-4801,
the final note on the GM delivery record cautioned that ‘‘These coaches, when
completed, must not exceed 16,500 lbs. on the rear axle with seated load,
including full complement of fuel, water and oil.’’
A
Christmas present for riders on the Wilshire Blvd. line, these buses appeared
in a new paint scheme of dark green around the windows, light green below and a
white roof. This was introduced
concurrently in San Diego and on Western Transit Systems properties; its colors
were supposedly particularly resistant to smog. They were numbered 301-330 starting a new roster sequence.
The 100
TDH-4801s (400 series) of Metro’s first order started to arrive in the spring
of 1954. Thirty of them were replacing
older diesels on the Sunset Blvd. line (83. ex-LAMC) on June 16. A second group replaced the 2900s in base
service on the Santa Monica Blvd. line (94) shortly thereafter. The equipment policy was never in question,
as the TDH-4801 became the standard of the system. Metro operated the first 165 built (including the initial PE
order) and eventually 268 of the 542 produced.
Asbury Acquired
On August 3,
1954, Metro acquired control of its largest competitor, the Asbury Rapid
Transit System. As had been the case
with PE's purchase of the Motor Transit Co. a quarter century earlier, Asbury
became a wholly owned subsidiary and was separately operated.
The Asbury
rights to operate the Burbank local lines were still temporary and had been
renewed seven times in five years, principally to avoid franchise tax payments;
permanent rights were secured on April 20. 1954. On July 22 the PUC approved the sale of Asbury Rapid Transit to
Metropolitan Coach Lines for $150,000.
The transfer of assets took place on August 3 and included Asbury
routes, 98 buses, the Glendale garages at Los Feliz Blvd. and Central Avenue,
and terminals at San Fernando and Hollywood.
At that time
much of the company’s older equipment was not being operated and had served
only to inflate Asbury’s book value. By
September Metro had disposed of all 19 remaining Fords, 11 old Macks, the two
second-hand Whites, and one of the Crowns.
The other buses were sufficient to run the operation, and they continued
to cover the Asbury routes in the Asbury colors. Asbury’s 140 miles of route covered an area to the north and west
of Los Angeles and there were two seasonal racetrack services. Metro numbered the Asbury routes from 12 to
26, after the Bellflower car line, which was officially line 11. In the former PE scheme they should have
taken numbers upward from 95. The list
was as follows:
12 Los Angeles—San Fernando
13 Los
Angeles—Burbank via Riverside Drive
14 North
Hollywood—San Fernando
15 San
Fernando—Olive View VA Hospital
16 North
Hollywood—Sun Valley
17 Hollywood—Pasadena
18 North
Hollywood-Burbank
19 St.
Joseph’s Hospital Burbank Blvd.
20 Victory
Blvd. Local
21 Hollywood—Culver
City
22 Hollywood—Burbank
(Short Line)
23 Hollywood—Burbank
(Long Line)
24 Hollywood—Lockheed
25 Hollywood—Hollywood
Park Race Track
26 Hollywood—Santa
Anita Race Track
This was the
first time visible line numbers appeared on Asbury buses with certain alternate
routings receiving common numbers for ease of identification. The appearance of Metro-style timetable
folders and a map showing both Metro and Asbury routes in the San Fernando
Valley were other manifestations of the new ownership. The Asbury buses stayed in their former
paint scheme of silver and dark green with an orange roof for some time, as
route consolidations were made gradually and the operations of the two systems
cautiously merged.
The New Look
Jesse
Haugh was extremely conscious of the Metro image and took every available
opportunity to improve it. The most
visible asset of the new company was, of course, its equipment and one of the
first programs that Haugh instituted was to repaint the red PE equipment into
Metro green. By the time that Metro
reached its first anniversary, more than 200 of the newer GM's had gone through
the shops and the program continued at the rate of one a day. All the remaining GM’s and Yellow Coaches
followed through the shops as well as the newer Whites.
Dents were
knocked out and new panels installed prior to painting; in the interior, the
driver s area was repainted dark green for eye comfort and a safety stanchion
was added near the farebox. The prewar
diesels also received new bumpers and turn signals, which gave them a more
modern look. Metro initially replaced
the lettering in the winged PE herald on the older equipment with “Metropolitan
Coach Lines.’’ At first glance, the
change was difficult to detect. Along
with the new green paint scheme, however, came a new herald, a variation of the
one used by Haugh on his other properties.
Emblazoned over a winged shield was the word ‘‘Metropolitan’’ and across
the wings, “Coach Lines’’ on the shield itself was a motto like one used in the
past by PE, “Safety, Courtesy, Service.’’
Revisions in
Hollywood
Almost a year
after applying to abandon the Subway—Hollywood Blvd. carline, Metro received
permission and substituted the second bus line 91 for the rail service on
September 26, 1954. The new line was
extended over the Hollywood—Beverly Hills University line (77), and the
equipment used was the last group of 400-series TDH-4801s, which had been in
storage at West Hollywood since their delivery during the summer.
The rail
replacement route (via Santa Monica Blvd.) was designated 91W and the Sunset
Blvd. branch (an extension of the Gardner Jct. short turns on the car line) was
designated 91S. Rush-hour use of the
Hollywood Freeway was increased at this time as certain line 91 trips continued
on the Freeway beyond Santa Monica Blvd. to the San Fernando Valley bypassing
Hollywood.
Hollywood bus
service was rearranged to alleviate traffic congestion by through-routing lines
to avoid turning movements in areas of heavy traffic. Two short lines were grafted onto a single longer one, saving
buses and platform hours as well. The
Western and Franklin line (78) and the Hollywoodland portion of the
Hollywood—Beverly Hills—University line were appended to the Fairfax Avenue
line (89, ex-LAMC), so that the busy intersection of Hollywood and Vine ceased
to be a regular terminus. Moreover, the
former LAMC Wilshire and Sunset lines were through-routed in downtown Los
Angeles to reduce the number of buses terminating there; the Wilshire line
became 83W and the Sunset service 83S.
There was, however, more service on Wilshire than Sunset, so that there
were still some Wilshire buses that terminated downtown.
In the Eastern
District, Metro revised San Bernardino service effective in November 1954 by
creating a new Rt. 60 between Los Angeles. San Bernardino and Redlands. All trips on line 63 beyond Pomona were
transferred to the new line, which had two routings at first: Los
Angeles—Pomona—San Bernardino—Redlands via Foothill Blvd. (60G) and Los
Angeles—Pomona—Riverside—San Bernardino—Redlands via Valley Blvd. (60V). The Garvey Local (63G), Valley Local (63V),
Brooklyn Avenue (63B), Baldwin Park and Pomona via Covina services stayed as
Rt. 63. The Riverside—Arlington route
(62), extended to San Bernardino and Redlands in 1947, was once again cut back
to end at Riverside. A little later, an
alternate route via Arrow Highway was added to line 60.
Meanwhile, at
the other end of the system, routes in the San Fernando Valley were rearranged
and extended to serve new residential areas.
On November 29, 1954, the Birmingham Hospital line (85) was extended to
Reseda and cut back to Van Nuys, exchanging terminals with the Van Nuys Canoga
Park line (90), which was extended to Sherman Oaks in its place. Some Ventura Blvd. trips were rerouted at
the western end of that line to serve the newly developed Encino Park area.
Divisional
Operation
One of the major
changes promised by Metro management was a revision of the operating structure
of the system along the lines of a transit property, with semi-autonomous
divisions, rather than a centralized interurban or intercity type of operation. This was accomplished by assigning certain
administrative functions to newly established operating divisions, based in
existing garages -at Pasadena, Riverside, Long Beach, Ocean Park and Macy
Street, plus new facilities at Van Nuys, El Monte and West Hollywood.
Centralization
of maintenance was achieved in February 1954, when the capability to perform
major body and engine work was transferred from Torrance Shops to Macy
Street. By April, construction was in
progress on new buildings and other improvements at the old Van Nuys storage
lot, and this was reopened on June 30, 1954, as Metro’s first new operating
division. Van Nuys had a capacity of 66
buses and had cost $315,000 to rebuild.
Construction of
the second new division began in August on two and a half acres of newly
acquired land off Hoyt (now Santa Anita) Avenue, El Monte. This division was to relieve overcrowding at
Macy Street by taking care of 127 buses assigned to San Gabriel Valley and San
Bernardino services. Built at a cost of $350,000, it opened on January 1,
1955. On that day, too, Fairbanks
garage, Long Beach, was changed over to the divisional mode of operation.
The second fleet
of 100 new buses arrived in February 1955.
Included were 83 TDH-4801s (501-583), largely used to replace older
equipment on the Whittier and Santa Ana lines (58W and 58S) and the Garvey and
Valley Blvd. routes (63G and 63V). The
other 17 new buses were suburban TDM-4515s (251-267), assigned to the San
Bernardino and Riverside lines (60) because of their significant freeway
mileage; the longest—70 miles.
New green and
white “Metro Coach Lines’’ signs appeared on the terminal building at 6th and
Main Streets on March 8, 1955, in place of the red ‘‘Pacific Electric’’ sign
which had been a landmark since 1937.
Service to a new Southern California attraction began on April 2, 1955,
as new line 58D started carrying employees to a still unfinished Disneyland in
Anaheim. Soon after the amusement park
opened on July 18, doubles and even triples became commonplace on morning
express runs.
Another area
attraction received bus service for the first time a year later. Starting on July 23, 1956, certain line 58S
trips were diverted via Buena Park and Stanton to serve Knott’s Berry Farm.
No fewer than 18
public hearings had been held on Metro’s application to replace the four
Southern District rail lines with buses during 1954, and the PUC’s decision was
finally announced on February 15, 1955.
Metro’s primary reason for wanting to substitute buses for the car lines
was that the two-year period of rent-free operation would come to an end on
October 1, and with PE completing its planned dieselization of freight
operations, Metro would be obliged to pay the entire operating and maintenance
costs of the electrical distribution system.
Opposition to
bus substitution was vocal and well organized.
Municipalities along the proposed route argued that buses would have to
run over streets that were inadequate to accommodate them. Metro’s planned use of the incomplete Long
Beach Freeway aroused similar objections because of its choice of an interim
alternate routing. Additional objections
came from independent bus operators in San Pedro and Compton, and along Avalon
Blvd., whose business would be harmed by the change. Metro, meanwhile, had issued folders detailing the changeover of
service and listing the line numbers assigned to the new bus routes:
72 Los
Angeles—Long Beach
73 Los
Angeles—San Pedro
74 Los
Angeles—Bellflower
95 Watts
They were never
to be used.
The
preponderance of testimony was against Metro, and the Commission ruled
accordingly despite its recognition that operating expenses would indeed
increase because of expected equipment rental charges, and would later increase
again when Metro took over maintenance of the overhead and substations. The argument was that a recently approved
fare increase would still provide a sufficient return on Metro’s
investment. The company made its position
clear on April 7 when it applied for a 22 percent interurban fare increase.
Since
taking over PE’s passenger service, Metro had benefited from two local fare
increases, both joint with Los Angeles Transit Lines. The first had taken effect on November 30, 1953, when token
prices were increased from three for 40 cents to seven for $1 without changing
the 15-cent, first-zone cash fare or the 5-cent zone fare. Cash fares went up to 17 cents in the first
zone and 6 cents in subsequent zones on March 7. 1955.
The PUC held
hearings on Metro’s new application to raise interurban fares (its first)
during June and July 1955. An increase
averaging about 19 percent was approved in September and went into effect on
October 17. The proposed equipment
rental agreement had been submitted to the Commission in the meantime and had
been approved at $50,000 annually: $32,000 for taxes and $18,000 for 78 rail
cars.
Almost
forgotten, a fifth Southern District rail line came to the attention of the PUC
in the fall of 1955. In September,
authorization was received by Metro to use buses on the Catalina Dock line
(second route 53) during the winter or at other times when traffic did not
warrant an interurban train. This was
to be Metro’s only success (albeit a seasonal one) in changing over a Southern
District rail line. The first bus
service was offered on November 31 and was operated sporadically thereafter.
Promotions
In
order to counter the adverse criticism that it had inherited along with PE’s
transportation plant, Metro attempted to establish a new image—that of a
friendly but harassed tax-paying corporate citizen. The office of Director of Public Relations was established and
feelers were put out in an attempt to change the traveling public’s attitude
toward its transportation system.
Tours of Metro
offices and facilities were arranged for community leaders, teachers and
students. Service improvements and new
equipment were introduced with great fanfare and much publicity. Chambers of Commerce and other community
groups were courted to gain grassroots support throughout the service
area. A program of free return fares
for shoppers was instituted with some success in Huntington Park and later in
Van Nuys. A particularly bright spot
resulted when a Christmas promotion for the Wilshire Miracle Mile shopping
district produced a vividly painted TDH-4801 complete with snowmen.
Haugh’s public
relations ventures were successful and resulted in some changed attitudes, but
unfortunately the stigma left by PE’s latter-day, public-be-damned attitude was
difficult to overcome. One area that
was constantly pressed to the public was that of countering rail rapid transit
plans with the concept that the freeways were Los Angeles’ real rapid transit
system. Some schedule times were indeed
shortened as more freeways were completed and additional lines rerouted to use
them. The problem was that increasing
traffic density defeated these gains as they were made. It was not until the opening of the El Monte
Busway by the Southern California Rapid Transit District that freeway routes
could show measurably better performance than those on neighboring streets.
The promotions
did, however, prove that it was possible to communicate with the public and
that favorable results could be gained.
These efforts would become widely imitated and become the model for such
efforts throughout the industry.
Buses Return to
Glendale
As in the
Southern District, a tortuous path was followed to abandonment of the
Glendale-Burbank rail line. The Los Angeles Board of Public Utilities and Transportation had turned down the first conversion proposal after PUC approval.
Reapplying to the PUC, Metro again received permission to abandon the
rail line. The decision ignored
protests of the Glendale City Council, and the Los Angeles Board continued to
withhold its approval. When the
1.8-mile private right-of-way on Glendale Blvd. and Allesandro Street (valued
at $100,000) was offered to the city for one dollar, the Los Angeles City
Council intervened in favor of Metro, causing the resignation of the president
of the Board.
The changeover
finally took place on June 19, 1955.
The 30 multiple-unit PCC cars judged unsuitable for use on the Southern
District went into storage in the now unused subway, replaced by 40 new 500-series
TDH-4801s, which had been held at Torrance Shops since February. The bus line (75B) was operated as part of
Rt. 75, through-routed with trips to Santa Monica via either Beverly Hills or
Venice Blvd.
In an attempt to
accommodate one of the objections to the replacement of Glendale rail service,
Metro had offered to institute a short feeder line through a hilly area
adjacent to the rail right-of-way in the Silver Lake district. The proposed 96—Lake View Heights route
would have operated on narrow, hilly streets, and Metro, lacking suitable
equipment had offered to obtain a 23-passenger, 30-foot, gasoline-powered bus
especially for this line. The PUC
declined the proposal, citing the inhospitable geography and the predicted
sparse patronage as reasons.
Asbury Routes
Consolidated
Between August
1954 and the fall of 1955, the operations of Metropolitan Coach Lines and
Asbury Rapid Transit had for all practical purposes come under a single
management. Some facilities had been integrated,
and a common labor contract had been negotiated with employees of both
companies. Studies of common fares and
tare zones as well as a joint transfer arrangement were completed and presented
to the PUC, along with a proposal for route revisions.
Metro moved
toward consolidating Asbury with its own operations on August 7, 1955, when
Metro’s Sunland storage lot was closed and part of Metro (once Motor Transit)
line 56 was moved into Asbury’s Glendale garage. Since there was no diesel fueling facilities at Glendale, Metro
leased 13 propane Twins from Asbury to operate the service. Also Asbury closed its San Fernando lot and
leased 15 GM diesels from Metro to operate its lines 14 and 15 plus part of
line 12 from the Van Nuys division.
Asbury line 21 was operated from Metro’s West Hollywood division using
2600-series diesels.
In order to
reduce confusion all Asbury buses were repainted into Metro colors, but they
continued to carry the Asbury Rapid Transit name. The leased buses were re-lettered for their new operators, so
that the Asbury name appeared for the first time on a diesel bus.
The proposed
route changes were put into effect on August 29, 1955. Metro Rt. 86 on Riverside Drive was revised
and extended to replace Asbury Rt. 13 and the St. Joseph’s Hospital leg of
19. Use of the Hollywood terminal was
discontinued, with the Culver City and Lockheed lines through-routed and
combined into new Rt. 22 from Hollywood and La Brea to Burbank via Universal City
and Olive Avenue. Through-routing the
14 and 18 lines at North Hollywood created a new Rt. 14 Burbank—North
Hollywood—San Fernando, and the Victory Blvd. line (20) was extended to a new
shopping center in Van Nuys. Former PE
lines were also revised: the North Hollywood—Studio City—Sherman Oaks line (B7)
was cut back to Studio City except for school trips, and the North Hollywood
line (88) was extended to Van Nuys via Van Owen Street.
Asbury’s San
Fernando terminal was given up a year later, on August 20, 1956, and the lines
terminating there were rerouted accordingly.
The Van Nuys--Reseda line (85) was extended to San Fernando, Northridge,
L.A. State College and Granada Hills to offer an alternate routing to the
direct line along Sepulveda Blvd. (84).
Construction was
started on the largest of the three proposed new operating bases on October 17,
1955. The design was similar to Van
Nuys and El Monte, and the location was 4½ acres bought from the Southern
Pacific along San Vicente Blvd. West Hollywood, adjacent to PE’s old Sherman
Carhouse. The 132-bus garage was opened
on July 16, 1956, and cost $515,000. At
Macy Street, new light towers were erected and modern paint spray booths
installed during 1956.
Equipment
purchases in 1956 consisted of 23 (not 100) buses. Three TDM-4515s (200-202) with 41 reclining seats were assigned
to the San Bernardino line, while 20 TDH-4801s (600-619) came earmarked for
replacement of the Bellflower rail service.
When it became plain that this hope was not to be realized, and new
buses were placed in operation on the experimental “Park-Ride-Flyer’’ route
between the Hollywood Bowl parking lot and downtown Los Angeles, started with
400-series 4801s on November 26, 1956.
After averaging 40 to 100 autos a day over its contemplated 90-day trial
period, the park-ride line was given the benefit of continued operation and
expanded publicity in an attempt to bring traffic up to the breakeven point of
about 2,000 riders per week. It was
doomed to failure since, like so many such services, it picked tip its riders
at the end of the bottleneck (Cahuenga Pass in this case) rather than at the
beginning. Traffic leveled off at 100
passengers per week, and the service was discontinued on May 24, 1957.
Headsigns
Metro changed
the headsign layout of its buses to a more common configuration in 1956 all the
postwar GM’s (except 2700) which had been delivered with the two-piece PE signs
were converted to the new one-quarter (curbside) and three-quarter (street
side) layout. The short sign displayed
the route/branch designation (like 94 or 58W) and the long sign the
destination, a town name or a street.
At his time the
2700, 2800, 2900, 251, 300, 400 and 500 series were changed over to the new
signs and shortly thereafter, the prewar Yellows and GM's (2500s and 2600s)
were also converted. The Whites, whose
limited life was recognized, and the 225 and 1685 series parlor coaches (which
had half-size signs) were not converted.
The 600 and 200 series coaches, which arrived in that year, were
delivered with the new layout
Rail Ownership
With no hope in
sight of being able to substitute buses for the remaining rail lines. Metro decided to buy the equipment and
facilities needed to continue their operation.
The PUC approved sale of 78 interurban cars, seven pieces of work
equipment the substations and the overhead by Pacific Electric to Metropolitan
Coach lines on December 23, 1956. Metro
put $15,000 down toward the $525,000 purchase price, rationalizing the
transaction by the fact that the company would now be paying less in interest
charges than it previously had in rental fees.
The end of PE
electric freight service spurred the decision on December 11, 1956 with the
sole exception of night switching at West Hollywood, which was to last until
January 1958.
Out in the San
Fernando Valley, Asbury’s Burbank Blvd. line (19) was as extended into North
Hollywood and the Riverside Drive line 86 was extended to Pacoima in 1957. The Brentwood Branch of the Santa Monica via
Beverly Hills line was again appended to the Wilshire route and designated
83B. All San Bernardino and Riverside
trips as well as peak-hour Pomona via Covina runs were routed via the San
Bernardino Freeway on June 3, 1957. At
this time Metro and Asbury together owned 762 buses, including 36 propane Twins,
95 gasoline Whites and one gas Twin (2150).
Metro had replaced more than 200 inherited Whites, and in fact about 60
of the remaining 95 were spares or were in storage at Macy Street. The remaining biases were, of course, all GM
diesels.
Race Track
Service
Metro inherited
the Hollywood-Santa Anita and Holly wood-Hollywood Park lines from the Asbury
Rapid Transit System and the Los Angeles Santa Anita service as part at PE’ s
route 68. Metro continued to expand
these services as new rights from Los Angeles to Los Alamitos Race Track were
received in February of 1955 and additional rights to Santa Anita from Santa
Ana, Riverside and San Bernardino were received in July of 1957. The racetrack services (grouped as route 57)
were well patronized and primarily used suburban equipment drawn from the
spares at each operating division.
Bellflower
The PUC finally
permitted conversion of the Bellflower rail line in March 1957; the first
application had been filed on December 12. 1955. The decision included an employee compensation clause to which
Metro objected; the case went to the California Supreme Court and the PUC was
upheld, but Metro refused to change the line to buses until a more equitable
labor agreement could be reached. The
company asked for an extension of the time limit for acceptance of the new
certificate, expecting to settle the issue as part of negotiations for a new
labor contract though the stated reason was a shortage of buses.
As it turned
out, contract talks broke down as the old agreement expired on December 1, 1952
and the Metro system ground to a halt.
The only previous labor dispute that had affected these routes was the
nationwide rail strike of 1946. The
walkout lasted 54 days, and the vote to accept a 21-cent wage increase and a
five-day week was 511 to 490. The
strike lent impetus to a growing movement for legislative action to allow
unified ownership and operation of the region’s transportation systems, thought
necessary to provide more effective transit planning.
As of June 1,
1957, Metro and Asbury operated 53 bus lines totaling 1,315 route miles and
four rail lines totaling 68 route miles.
LAMTA
The Los Angeles
Metropolitan Transit Authority was created by the State legislature in 1951 to
study- the feasibility of a monorail system in the Los Angeles area. After years of study- with no tangible
results, a bill was passed and signed in 1957 to enable the Authority to own
and operate any form of transit system.
Only
Metropolitan Coach Lines, with its subsidiary Asbury- Rapid Transit, and Los Angeles Transit Lines then remained as major local transit entities in the
area. LAMTA was given options to buy
these properties for $33 million, and the underwriting of a $40 million bond
issue was secured to accomplish the purchase.
On March 1958, Metro bought out Asbury as a matter of administrative and
legal convenience, and on the same day all three systems passed to the
Authority. The purchase price of the
Metro and Asbury operations was $13.6 million.
Despite his
continued efforts, Jesse Haugh never succeeded in his quest for an all- bus
Metro system. When negotiations to sell
were completed, all four Southern District rail lines were still operating, and
73 interurban cars went to LAMTA along with 822 buses, 60 of which were just
being delivered. The order consisted of
10 additional 41-passenger reclining seat TDM-4515s (203-212) and 50 more
TDH-4801s (620-669). When Metro’s
operating rights were formally revoked by the PUC on August 26, 1958, the
Pacific Electric bus story was brought to an end.